Everyone has opinions about used cars; few are practical. This is the checklist we run before we even pick up the phone.

1. Odometer assessment

Start here. If NAP rates the reading 'illogical', every other detail is suspect. RDW shows this for free.

2. Open recalls

Unperformed safety updates cost €0 to fix at a brand dealer, but a car with an open recall is technically less valuable. Ask for proof, or schedule a free dealer appointment.

3. APK validity + APK history

Not just "does it have MOT" but HOW MANY MONTHS are left? And what were the failure items? A pattern of brake / suspension / rust points in the last 3 inspections predicts the same invoice for you.

4. Emission-zone access

A 2010 diesel can't enter central Amsterdam. A 2014 hybrid is borderline in 2026. Check which zones the car can enter NOW and in 2030, because emission zones only get stricter.

5. Real monthly cost, not just price

Asking price is one number. Monthly cost is 5 more: MRB road tax (province-dependent), insurance (age + engine size), fuel (LPG cheap, petrol expensive), company-car tax, maintenance. With hybrids, sellers overstate the fuel saving. Ask for proof.